Linux 单例程序

C 语言示例

#include <sys/file.h>
#include <errno.h>

int pid_file = open("/var/run/whatever.pid", O_CREAT | O_RDWR, 0666);
int rc = flock(pid_file, LOCK_EX | LOCK_NB);
if(rc) {
    if(EWOULDBLOCK == errno)
        ; // another instance is running
}
else {
    // this is the first instance
}

C++ 示例

int main()
{
   SingletonProcess singleton(5555); // pick a port number to use that is specific to this app
   if (!singleton())
   {
     cerr << "process running already. See " << singleton.GetLockFileName() << endl;
     return 1;
   }
   ... rest of the app
}

#include <netinet/in.h>

class SingletonProcess
{
public:
    SingletonProcess(uint16_t port0)
            : socket_fd(-1)
              , rc(1)
              , port(port0)
    {
    }

    ~SingletonProcess()
    {
        if (socket_fd != -1)
        {
            close(socket_fd);
        }
    }

    bool operator()()
    {
        if (socket_fd == -1 || rc)
        {
            socket_fd = -1;
            rc = 1;

            if ((socket_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0)
            {
                throw std::runtime_error(std::string("Could not create socket: ") +  strerror(errno));
            }
            else
            {
                struct sockaddr_in name;
                name.sin_family = AF_INET;
                name.sin_port = htons (port);
                name.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl (INADDR_ANY);
                rc = bind (socket_fd, (struct sockaddr *) &name, sizeof (name));
            }
        }
        return (socket_fd != -1 && rc == 0);
    }

    std::string GetLockFileName()
    {
        return "port " + std::to_string(port);
    }

private:
    int socket_fd = -1;
    int rc;
    uint16_t port;
};