Wio Terminal 天气小助手
Demo 概述
这个 Demo 展示了如何使用 Wio Terminal 实现一个天气小助手，Wio Terminal 通过 I2C 接口连接一个温湿 度传感器 AHT10 实时监测室内环境温湿度，同时通过 WiFi 网络获取当地天气信息以及未来三天的天气预报，使用按键即可切换显示界面。
实现功能
- 开机自动联网获取实况天气和预报天气
- 在主界面同时显示室外和室内的温湿度
- 按上方左键可手动更新天气信息
- 可通过五向开关的 Left 和 Right 翻页查看未来几天的天气预测
重点难点
- 实现温湿度传感器的实时读取和显示
- 从 Web API 获取天气信息并解析 JSON 数据
硬件材料
- 1 x Wio Terminal
- 1x AHT10 传感器模块
安装依赖库
本示例 Demo 依赖 LCD 库、ArduinoJson 库、AHTX0 库和 Bounce2 库：
LCD库在安装 Seeed SAMD Boards 库时已经包含了，大家可以参考 Wio Terminal 开发环境。ArduinoJson库可以在 GitHub 仓库下载，在 Arduino IDE 点击 项目 > 加载库 > 添加 .ZIP 库… 即可添加库。AHTX0库可以在 GitHub 仓库下载，在 Arduino IDE 点击 项目 > 加载库 > 添加 .ZIP 库… 即可添加库。Bounce2库可以在 GitHub 仓库下载，在 Arduino IDE 点击 项目 > 加载库 > 添加 .ZIP 库… 即可添加库。
提示：这些库也可以在 Arduino IDE 库管理器中搜索并安装。
另外，我们还使用了 Free_Fonts.h 库提供的一些免费字体，可以点击这里下载，并将它放在 Arduino 工程中。
读取传感器
读取 AHT10 传感器温湿度数据的示例代码如下：
#include <Adafruit_AHTX0.h>
Adafruit_AHTX0 aht;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
if (! aht.begin()) {
while (1) delay(10);
}
}
void loop() {
sensors_event_t humidity, temp;
// populate temp and humidity objects with fresh data
aht.getEvent(&humidity, &temp);
Serial.print("Temperature: "); Serial.print(temp.temperature);
Serial.print("Humidity: "); Serial.print(humidity.relative_humidity);
delay(500);
}
天气 API
有很多提供天气信息的 Web API，可以参考《一些好用的天气 API》，本文使用高德地图 API 获取实时天气及天气预测。GET 请求的 URL 如下：
实时天气（当天）
https://restapi.amap.com/v3/weather/weatherInfo?city=441802&key=yourkey
天气预测（未来三天）
https://restapi.amap.com/v3/weather/weatherInfo?city=441802&key=yourkey&extensions=all
参数说明：
city是城市编码，比如 441802 代表广州；key是应用对应的代码，需要在平台申请（提示：将yourkey替换为你申请的 Key 代码）；extensions表示获取类型，缺省值是base，表示获取实况天气，all表示获取预报天气；output表示返回格式，可选 JSON 或 XML，默认返回 JSON 格式数据。
以实时天气 API 为例，返回的 JSON 数据如下：
{
"status":"1",
"count":"1",
"info":"OK",
"infocode":"10000",
"lives":[
{"province":"广东",
"city":"广州市",
"adcode":"440100",
"weather":"晴",
"temperature":"17",
"winddirection":"北",
"windpower":"≤3",
"humidity":"64",
"reporttime":"2021-12-12 19:00:44"
}
]
}
完整代码
提示：将下面代码中的 ssid 和 password 替换成你的 WiFi 网络；将 URL_BASE 和 URL_ALL 中的 cityCode 替换成需要查询的城市，将 yourKey 替换成你的 Key。
另外，本 Demo 并未实现中文显示，如需显示中文字体，可参考 Wio Terminal LCD 中文显示。
#include <rpcWiFi.h>
#include [HTTPClient.h](HTTPClient.h)
#include <WiFiClientSecure.h>
#include <ArduinoJson.h>
/* Display */
#include "Free_Fonts.h"
#include "TFT_eSPI.h"
/* Sensor */
#include <Adafruit_AHTX0.h>
/* Button */
#include <Bounce2.h>
// INSTANTIATE 3 Button OBJECT
Bounce2::Button btnA = Bounce2::Button();
Bounce2::Button btnL = Bounce2::Button();
Bounce2::Button btnR = Bounce2::Button();
Adafruit_AHTX0 aht;
TFT_eSPI tft;
const char* ssid = "yourNetworkName";
const char* password = "yourNetworkPassword";
const char* URL_BASE = "https://restapi.amap.com/v3/weather/weatherInfo?city=cityCode&key=yourKey";
const char* URL_ALL = "https://restapi.amap.com/v3/weather/weatherInfo?city=cityCode&key=yourKey&extensions=all";
WiFiClientSecure client;
#define STR_SIZE_MAX 16
typedef struct lives {
char province[16];
char city[16];
char adcode[16];
char weather[16];
char temperature[16];
char humidity[16];
char winddirection[16];
char windpower[16];
char reporttime[16];
} lives_t;
lives_t lives_data;
typedef struct forecasts {
char date[16];
char week[16];
char dayweather[16];
char nightweather[16];
char daytemp[16];
char nighttemp[16];
char daywind[16];
char nightwind[16];
char daypower[16];
char nightpower[16];
} forecasts_t;
#define FORECASTS_SIZE 4
forecasts_t forecasts_data[FORECASTS_SIZE];
enum {
PAGE_1 = 1,
PAGE_2 = 2,
PAGE_3 = 3,
PAGE_4 = 4,
PAGE_5 = 5,
PAGE_MAX = PAGE_5
};
int currentPage = PAGE_1;
boolean pageChanged = false;
boolean update_flag = true;
void setup()
{
btnA.attach( WIO_KEY_C , INPUT_PULLUP );
btnL.attach( WIO_5S_LEFT , INPUT_PULLUP );
btnR.attach( WIO_5S_RIGHT , INPUT_PULLUP );
btnA.interval(5);
btnL.interval(5);
btnR.interval(5);
btnA.setPressedState(LOW);
btnL.setPressedState(LOW);
btnR.setPressedState(LOW);
Serial.begin(115200);
if (! aht.begin()) {
Serial.println("Could not find AHT? Check wiring");
while (1) delay(10);
}
Serial.println("AHT10 or AHT20 found");
tft.init();
tft.setRotation(3);
tft.fillScreen(tft.color565(24,15,60));
tft.fillScreen(TFT_NAVY);
tft.setFreeFont(FMB12);
tft.setCursor((320 - tft.textWidth("Funpack Weather Box"))/2, 100);
tft.print("Funpack Weather Box");
tft.setFreeFont(FM9);
tft.setTextColor(TFT_LIGHTGREY);
tft.setCursor((320 - tft.textWidth("Connecting WiFi..."))/2, 180);
tft.print("Connecting WiFi...");
WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) { //Check for the connection
delay(500);
Serial.println("Connecting WiFi...");
}
Serial.print("Connected to the WiFi network with IP: ");
Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
//client.setCACert(test_root_ca);
if(&client) {
getWeatherLives();
getWeatherForecasts();
}
drawWeatherLivePage(lives_data);
}
void loop()
{
btnA.update();
btnL.update();
btnR.update();
if ( btnA.pressed() ) {
pageChanged = true;
getWeatherLives();
getWeatherForecasts();
currentPage = PAGE_1;
Serial.print("updated!");
}
if ( btnL.pressed() ) {
pageChanged = true;
currentPage--;
if (currentPage < PAGE_1) {
currentPage = PAGE_MAX;
}
Serial.print("prev page: ");Serial.println(currentPage);
}
if ( btnR.pressed() ) {
pageChanged = true;
currentPage++;
if (currentPage > PAGE_MAX) {
currentPage = PAGE_1;
}
Serial.print("next page: ");Serial.println(currentPage);
}
switch (currentPage) {
case PAGE_1:
{
static int cnt = 0;
if (pageChanged) {
drawWeatherLivePage(lives_data);
updateSensorData();
}
if (cnt++ % 100000 == 0) {
updateSensorData();
}
pageChanged = false;
} break;
case PAGE_2:
{
if (pageChanged) {
drawWeatherForecastPage(&forecasts_data[0]);
}
pageChanged = false;
} break;
case PAGE_3:
{
if (pageChanged) {
drawWeatherForecastPage(&forecasts_data[1]);
}
pageChanged = false;
} break;
case PAGE_4:
{
if (pageChanged) {
drawWeatherForecastPage(&forecasts_data[2]);
}
pageChanged = false;
} break;
case PAGE_5:
{
if (pageChanged) {
drawWeatherForecastPage(&forecasts_data[3]);
}
pageChanged = false;
} break;
default: break;
}
}
void updateSensorData()
{
sensors_event_t humi, temp;
aht.getEvent(&humi, &temp);// populate temp and humidity objects with fresh data
drawTempValue(temp.temperature);
drawHumiValue(humi.relative_humidity);
}
void drawTempValue(const float temp) {
tft.setFreeFont(FMB24);
tft.setTextColor(TFT_RED, tft.color565(40,40,86));
tft.drawString(String(temp, 1), 30, 140);
}
void drawHumiValue(const float humi) {
tft.setFreeFont(FMB24);
tft.setTextColor(TFT_GREEN, tft.color565(40,40,86));
tft.drawString(String(humi, 1), 180, 140);
}
void drawWeatherLivePage(lives_t &lives_data)
{
// -----------------LCD---------------------
tft.fillScreen(tft.color565(24,15,60));
tft.setFreeFont(FF17);
tft.setTextColor(tft.color565(224,225,232));
tft.drawString("Funpack Weather Box", 10, 10);
tft.setFreeFont(FMB9);
if (0 == strcmp(lives_data.weather, "晴")) {
tft.setTextColor(TFT_ORANGE);
tft.drawString("sunny", 240, 10);
} else if (0 == strcmp(lives_data.weather, "多云")) {
tft.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE);
tft.drawString("cloudy", 240, 10);
} else if (0 == strcmp(lives_data.weather, "阴")) {
tft.setTextColor(TFT_LIGHTGREY);
tft.drawString("cloudy", 240, 10);
} else if (strstr(forecasts_data->dayweather, "雨")) {
tft.setTextColor(TFT_DARKCYAN);
tft.drawString("rainy", 240, 10);
}
tft.fillRoundRect(10, 45, 145, 180, 5, tft.color565(40,40,86));
tft.fillRoundRect(165, 45, 145, 180, 5, tft.color565(40,40,86));
tft.setFreeFont(FM9);
tft.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE);
tft.drawString("Temperature", 25, 60);
tft.drawString("Humidity", 195, 60);
tft.setTextColor(TFT_DARKGREY);
tft.drawString("degrees C", 35, 200);
tft.drawString("% rH", 220, 200);
tft.setFreeFont(FMB24);
tft.setTextColor(TFT_RED, tft.color565(40,40,86));
tft.drawString(lives_data.temperature, 30, 100);
Serial.println(lives_data.temperature);
tft.setFreeFont(FMB24);
tft.setTextColor(TFT_GREEN, tft.color565(40,40,86));
tft.drawString(lives_data.humidity, 180, 100);
Serial.println(lives_data.humidity);
}
void drawWeatherForecastPage(forecasts_t *forecasts_data)
{
// -----------------LCD---------------------
tft.fillScreen(tft.color565(24,15,60));
tft.setFreeFont(FF17);
tft.setTextColor(tft.color565(224,225,232));
tft.drawString(forecasts_data->date, 120, 10);
tft.fillRoundRect(10, 45, 300, 180, 5, tft.color565(40,40,86));
tft.setFreeFont(FM9);
tft.drawString(" Weather", 25, 60);
tft.drawString(" Day temp", 25, 90);
tft.drawString("Night temp", 25, 120);
tft.drawString(" Day power", 25, 150);
tft.drawString("Night power", 25, 180);
tft.setFreeFont(FS9);
tft.setTextColor(TFT_DARKGREY);
tft.drawString("'C", 250, 90);
tft.drawString("'C", 250, 120);
tft.drawString("level", 250, 150);
tft.drawString("level", 250, 180);
tft.drawFastVLine(160, 60, 140, TFT_DARKGREY);
tft.setFreeFont(FMB9);
tft.setTextColor(TFT_RED, tft.color565(40,40,86));
tft.drawString(forecasts_data->daytemp, 190, 90);
tft.setTextColor(TFT_GREEN, tft.color565(40,40,86));
tft.drawString(forecasts_data->nighttemp, 190, 120);
tft.setTextColor(TFT_MAGENTA, tft.color565(40,40,86));
tft.drawString(forecasts_data->daypower, 190, 150);
tft.setTextColor(TFT_PURPLE, tft.color565(40,40,86));
tft.drawString(forecasts_data->nightpower, 190, 180);
tft.setFreeFont(FMB9);
if (0 == strcmp(forecasts_data->dayweather, "晴")) {
tft.setTextColor(TFT_ORANGE);
tft.drawString("sunny", 190, 60);
} else if (0 == strcmp(forecasts_data->dayweather, "多云")) {
tft.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE);
tft.drawString("cloudy", 190, 60);
} else if (0 == strcmp(forecasts_data->dayweather, "阴")) {
tft.setTextColor(TFT_LIGHTGREY);
tft.drawString("cloudy", 190, 60);
} else if (strstr(forecasts_data->dayweather, "雨")) {
tft.setTextColor(TFT_DARKCYAN);
tft.drawString("rainy", 190, 60);
}
}
void getWeatherLives()
{
HTTPClient https;
if (https.begin(client, URL_BASE))
{
int httpCode = https.GET();
if (httpCode > 0)
{
if (httpCode == HTTP_CODE_OK || httpCode == HTTP_CODE_MOVED_PERMANENTLY)
{
String payload = https.getString();
Serial.println(payload);
const size_t capacity = JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(5) + JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(9) + 250;
DynamicJsonDocument doc(capacity);
deserializeJson(doc, payload);
strncpy(lives_data.province, doc["lives"][0]["province"], STR_SIZE_MAX);
strncpy(lives_data.city, doc["lives"][0]["city"], STR_SIZE_MAX);
strncpy(lives_data.weather, doc["lives"][0]["weather"], STR_SIZE_MAX);
strncpy(lives_data.temperature, doc["lives"][0]["temperature"], STR_SIZE_MAX);
strncpy(lives_data.humidity, doc["lives"][0]["humidity"], STR_SIZE_MAX);
strncpy(lives_data.winddirection, doc["lives"][0]["winddirection"], STR_SIZE_MAX);
strncpy(lives_data.windpower, doc["lives"][0]["windpower"], STR_SIZE_MAX);
strncpy(lives_data.reporttime, doc["lives"][0]["reporttime"], STR_SIZE_MAX);
}
} else {
Serial.printf("[HTTPS] GET... failed, error: %s\n", https.errorToString(httpCode).c_str());
}
https.end();
} else {
Serial.printf("[HTTPS] Unable to connect\n");
}
}
void getWeatherForecasts()
{
HTTPClient https;
if (https.begin(client, URL_ALL))
{
int httpCode = https.GET();
if (httpCode > 0)
{
if (httpCode == HTTP_CODE_OK || httpCode == HTTP_CODE_MOVED_PERMANENTLY)
{
String payload = https.getString();
Serial.println(payload);
const size_t capacity = JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(5) + JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(5) + 3 * JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(10) + 1250;
DynamicJsonDocument doc(capacity);
deserializeJson(doc, payload);
for (int i=0; i<FORECASTS_SIZE; i++)
{
strncpy(forecasts_data[i].date, doc["forecasts"][0]["casts"][i]["date"], STR_SIZE_MAX);
strncpy(forecasts_data[i].week, doc["forecasts"][0]["casts"][i]["week"], STR_SIZE_MAX);
strncpy(forecasts_data[i].dayweather, doc["forecasts"][0]["casts"][i]["dayweather"], STR_SIZE_MAX);
strncpy(forecasts_data[i].nightweather, doc["forecasts"][0]["casts"][i]["nightweather"], STR_SIZE_MAX);
strncpy(forecasts_data[i].daytemp, doc["forecasts"][0]["casts"][i]["daytemp"], STR_SIZE_MAX);
strncpy(forecasts_data[i].nighttemp, doc["forecasts"][0]["casts"][i]["nighttemp"], STR_SIZE_MAX);
strncpy(forecasts_data[i].daywind, doc["forecasts"][0]["casts"][i]["daywind"], STR_SIZE_MAX);
strncpy(forecasts_data[i].nightwind, doc["forecasts"][0]["casts"][i]["nightwind"], STR_SIZE_MAX);
strncpy(forecasts_data[i].daypower, doc["forecasts"][0]["casts"][i]["daypower"], STR_SIZE_MAX);
strncpy(forecasts_data[i].nightpower, doc["forecasts"][0]["casts"][i]["nightpower"], STR_SIZE_MAX);
}
}
} else {
Serial.printf("[HTTPS] GET... failed, error: %s\n", https.errorToString(httpCode).c_str());
}
https.end();
} else {
Serial.printf("[HTTPS] Unable to connect\n");
}
}
GitHub 地址：WeatherBox
运行效果
