Wio Terminal 红外热成像仪

Demo 概述

这个 Demo 展示了如何使用 Wio Terminal 和红外温度传感器阵列（Infrared Temperature Sensor Array）AMG8833 实现一台红外热成像相机，类似于 FLIR™。不过，你最好别指望这台低成本的红外热成像相机性能卓越。由于 AMG8833 传感器的分辨率仅为 8 x 8（64 像素），虽然在某些情况下已经足够了，但我们还是在代码中使用线性插值来扩展到 70 x 70（4900 像素）以获得更好的指示。

这个 Demo 的灵感来自 Kris Kasprzak 的视频。当然，为了让 Wio Terminal 和 AMG8833 配合工作起来，我们进行了一些修改。为了提高整体性能，获得更快的帧速率，大多数图形被绘制到 TFT LCD Sprites。另外，还在屏幕中间添加了一个十字准线并显示十字准线处的温度。

硬件材料

• 1 x Wio Terminal
• 1x 红外温度传感器阵列 AMG8833

提示：将 AMG8833 模块连接到 Wio Terminal 左下方的 Grove I2C 接口。

实现功能

• 指示十字准线处的准确温度
• 红外热像仪感应热物体
• 右键启用网格开/关功能

安装依赖库

本示例 Demo 依赖 LCD 库和 AMG8833 库：

• LCD 库在安装 Seeed SAMD Boards 库时已经包含了，大家可以参考 Wio Terminal 开发环境。
• AMG8833 库可以在 GitHub 仓库下载，在 Arduino IDE 点击 项目 > 加载库 > 添加 .ZIP 库… 即可添加库。

另外，为了提高这款红外热像仪的性能和帧率，你可以将 Wio Terminal 的 CPU 频率提高到 200MHz。设置方法是：在 Arduino IDE 选择 Tools -> CPU Speed -> 200MHz(Overclock)。

完整代码

/*

  This program is for upsizing an 8 x 8 array of thermal camera readings
  it will size up by 10x and display to a 240 x 320
  interpolation is linear and "good enough" given the display is a 5-6-5 color palet
  Total final array is an array of 70 x 70 of internal points only

  Revisions
  1.0     Kasprzak      Initial code
  1.1     Anson(Seeed Studio)  Adapted to Wio Terminal with Grove - Infrared Sensor(AMG8833)

*/

#include <Seeed_AMG8833_driver.h>
#include <TFT_eSPI.h>                // Include the graphics library (this includes the sprite functions)  

TFT_eSPI    tft = TFT_eSPI(); 
TFT_eSprite Display = TFT_eSprite(&tft);  // Create Sprite object "img" with pointer to "tft" object
// the pointer is used by pushSprite() to push it onto the TFT

unsigned long CurTime;

uint16_t TheColor;
// start with some initial colors
uint16_t MinTemp = 25;
uint16_t MaxTemp = 35;

// variables for interpolated colors
byte red, green, blue;

// variables for row/column interpolation
byte i, j, k, row, col, incr;
float intPoint, val, a, b, c, d, ii;
byte aLow, aHigh;

// size of a display "pixel"
byte BoxWidth = 3;
byte BoxHeight = 3;

int x, y;
char buf[20];

// variable to toggle the display grid
int ShowGrid = -1;

// array for the 8 x 8 measured pixels
float pixels[64];

// array for the interpolated array
float HDTemp[80][80];

// create the camara object
AMG8833 ThermalSensor;

//Toggle the grid on and off
void toggleGrid() {
  ShowGrid = ShowGrid *-1;
  Display.fillRect(15, 15, 210, 210, TFT_BLACK);
  yield();
}

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);

  // start the display and set the background to black
  tft.begin();
  tft.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);

  //Interrupt to toggle Gird on and off
  pinMode(WIO_KEY_A, INPUT);
  attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(WIO_KEY_A), toggleGrid, FALLING);

  // set display rotation (you may need to change to 0 depending on your display
  tft.setRotation(3);

  // show a splash screen

  tft.setCursor(20, 20);
  tft.setTextColor(TFT_BLUE, TFT_BLACK);
  tft.print("Thermal ");

  tft.setTextColor(TFT_RED, TFT_BLACK);
  tft.print("Camera");

  // let sensor boot up
  bool status = ThermalSensor.init();
  delay(100);

  if (!status) {
      Serial.print("Failed to initalized AMG8833");
  }

  // read the camera for initial testing
  ThermalSensor.read_pixel_temperature(pixels);

  // check status and display results
  if (pixels[0] < 0) {
    while (1) {
      tft.setCursor(20, 40);
      tft.setTextColor(TFT_RED, TFT_BLACK);
      tft.print("Readings: FAIL");
      delay(500);
    }
  }
  else {
    tft.setCursor(20, 40);
    tft.setTextColor(TFT_GREEN, TFT_BLACK);
    tft.print("Readings: OK");
    delay(2000);
  }

  tft.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);

  Display.createSprite(TFT_HEIGHT, TFT_WIDTH);
  Display.fillSprite(TFT_BLACK); 

  // get the cutoff points for the color interpolation routines
  // note this function called when the temp scale is changed
  Getabcd();

  // draw a legend with the scale that matches the sensors max and min
  DrawLegend();

}

void loop() {  
  CurTime = millis();

  // draw a large white border for the temperature area
  Display.fillRect(10, 10, 220, 220, TFT_WHITE);

  // read the sensor
  ThermalSensor.read_pixel_temperature(pixels);

  // now that we have an 8 x 8 sensor array
  // interpolate to get a bigger screen
  // interpolate the 8 rows (interpolate the 70 column points between the 8 sensor pixels first)
  for (row = 0; row < 8; row ++) {
    for (col = 0; col < 70; col ++) {
      // get the first array point, then the next
      // also need to bump by 8 for the subsequent rows
      aLow =  col / 10 + (row * 8);
      aHigh = (col / 10) + 1 + (row * 8);
      // get the amount to interpolate for each of the 10 columns
      // here were doing simple linear interpolation mainly to keep performace high and
      // display is 5-6-5 color palet so fancy interpolation will get lost in low color depth
      intPoint =   (( pixels[aHigh] - pixels[aLow] ) / 10.0 );
      // determine how much to bump each column (basically 0-9)
      incr = col % 10;
      // find the interpolated value
      val = (intPoint * incr ) +  pixels[aLow];
      // store in the 70 x 70 array
      // since display is pointing away, reverse row to transpose row data
      HDTemp[ (7 - row) * 10][col] = val;

    }
  }

  // now that we have raw data with 70 columns
  // interpolate each of the 70 columns
  // forget Arduino..no where near fast enough..Teensy at > 72 mhz is the starting point

  for (col = 0; col < 70; col ++) {
    for (row = 0; row < 70; row ++) {
      // get the first array point, then the next
      // also need to bump by 8 for the subsequent cols
      aLow =  (row / 10 ) * 10;
      aHigh = aLow + 10;
      // get the amount to interpolate for each of the 10 columns
      // here were doing simple linear interpolation mainly to keep performace high and
      // display is 5-6-5 color palet so fancy interpolation will get lost in low color depth
      intPoint =   (( HDTemp[aHigh][col] - HDTemp[aLow][col] ) / 10.0 );
      // determine how much to bump each column (basically 0-9)
      incr = row % 10;
      // find the interpolated value
      val = (intPoint * incr ) +  HDTemp[aLow][col];
      // store in the 70 x 70 array
      HDTemp[ row ][col] = val;
    }
  }

  //display the 70 x 70 array
  DisplayGradient();

  //Crosshair in the middle of the screen
  Display.drawCircle(115, 115, 5, TFT_WHITE);
  Display.drawFastVLine(115, 105, 20, TFT_WHITE);
  Display.drawFastHLine(105, 115, 20, TFT_WHITE);

  //Push the Sprite to the screen
  Display.pushSprite(0, 0);

  //Displaying the temp at the middle of the Screen
  tft.setRotation(3);
  tft.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE);
  tft.drawFloat(HDTemp[35][35], 2, 90, 20);

  //Uncomment this to print out frame rate
  Serial.print("Frame rate: "); Serial.println(1/(0.001*(millis() - CurTime)));

}

// function to display the results
void DisplayGradient() {

  tft.setRotation(4);

  // rip through 70 rows
  for (row = 0; row < 70; row ++) {

    // fast way to draw a non-flicker grid--just make every 10 pixels 2x2 as opposed to 3x3
    // drawing lines after the grid will just flicker too much
    if (ShowGrid < 0) {
      BoxWidth = 3;
    }
    else {
      if ((row % 10 == 9) ) {
        BoxWidth = 2;
      }
      else {
        BoxWidth = 3;
      }
    }
    // then rip through each 70 cols
    for (col = 0; col < 70; col++) {

      // fast way to draw a non-flicker grid--just make every 10 pixels 2x2 as opposed to 3x3
      if (ShowGrid < 0) {
        BoxHeight = 3;
      }
      else {
        if ( (col % 10 == 9)) {
          BoxHeight = 2;
        }
        else {
          BoxHeight = 3;
        }
      }
      // finally we can draw each the 70 x 70 points, note the call to get interpolated color
      Display.fillRect((row * 3) + 15, (col * 3) + 15, BoxWidth, BoxHeight, GetColor(HDTemp[row][col]));
    }
  }

}

// my fast yet effective color interpolation routine
uint16_t GetColor(float val) {

  /*
    pass in value and figure out R G B
    several published ways to do this I basically graphed R G B and developed simple linear equations
    again a 5-6-5 color display will not need accurate temp to R G B color calculation

    equations based on
    http://web-tech.ga-usa.com/2012/05/creating-a-custom-hot-to-cold-temperature-color-gradient-for-use-with-rrdtool/index.html

  */

  red = constrain(255.0 / (c - b) * val - ((b * 255.0) / (c - b)), 0, 255);

  if ((val > MinTemp) & (val < a)) {
    green = constrain(255.0 / (a - MinTemp) * val - (255.0 * MinTemp) / (a - MinTemp), 0, 255);
  }
  else if ((val >= a) & (val <= c)) {
    green = 255;
  }
  else if (val > c) {
    green = constrain(255.0 / (c - d) * val - (d * 255.0) / (c - d), 0, 255);
  }
  else if ((val > d) | (val < a)) {
    green = 0;
  }

  if (val <= b) {
    blue = constrain(255.0 / (a - b) * val - (255.0 * b) / (a - b), 0, 255);
  }
  else if ((val > b) & (val <= d)) {
    blue = 0;
  }
  else if (val > d) {
    blue = constrain(240.0 / (MaxTemp - d) * val - (d * 240.0) / (MaxTemp - d), 0, 240);
  }

  // use the displays color mapping function to get 5-6-5 color palet (R=5 bits, G=6 bits, B-5 bits)
  return Display.color565(red, green, blue);

}

// function to get the cutoff points in the temp vs RGB graph
void Getabcd() {

  a = MinTemp + (MaxTemp - MinTemp) * 0.2121;
  b = MinTemp + (MaxTemp - MinTemp) * 0.3182;
  c = MinTemp + (MaxTemp - MinTemp) * 0.4242;
  d = MinTemp + (MaxTemp - MinTemp) * 0.8182;

}

// function to draw a legend
void DrawLegend() {

  //color legend with max and min text
  j = 0;

  float inc = (MaxTemp - MinTemp ) / 160.0;

  for (ii = MinTemp; ii < MaxTemp; ii += inc) {
    tft.drawFastHLine(260, 200 - j++, 30, GetColor(ii));
  }

  tft.setTextSize(2);
  tft.setCursor(245, 20);
  tft.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);
  sprintf(buf, "%2d/%2d", MaxTemp, (int) (MaxTemp * 1.8) + 32);
  tft.print(buf);

  tft.setTextSize(2);
  tft.setCursor(245, 210);
  tft.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);
  sprintf(buf, "%2d/%2d", MinTemp, (int) (MinTemp * 1.8) + 32);
  tft.print(buf);

}

// END OF CODE